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Test ID CFRC Bacterial Culture, Cystic Fibrosis, Respiratory

Reporting Name

Bacterial Culture, Cystic Fibrosis

Useful For

Detecting disease-causing aerobic bacteria in specimens from patients with cystic fibrosis

Specimen Type

Varies


Ordering Guidance


If susceptibilities are also desired, order CFRCS / Bacterial Culture, Cystic Fibrosis with Antimicrobial Susceptibilities, Varies.



Shipping Instructions


Specimen must arrive within 48 hours of collection.

 

For shipping information see Infectious Specimen Shipping Guidelines



Necessary Information


Specimen source is required.



Specimen Required


Submit only 1 of the following specimens:

 

Preferred:

Specimen Type: Sputum, expectorated or induced

Patient Preparation: Have the patient brush their teeth or gargle with water immediately prior to specimen collection. This reduces the number of contaminating oropharyngeal bacteria.

Container/Tube: Sterile container

Specimen Volume: Entire collection

 

Acceptable:

Specimen Type: Bronchial aspirate or washing, sinus aspirate, bronchoalveolar lavage, endotracheal, or tracheal

Container/Tube: Sterile container

Specimen Volume: Entire collection

 

Specimen Type: Throat swab

Supplies:

-Culturette (BBL Culture Swab) (T092)

-BD E-Swab (T853)

Container/Tube: Culture transport swab (Dacron or rayon swab with aluminum or plastic shaft with either Stuart or Amies liquid medium), or ESwab


Specimen Minimum Volume

See Specimen Required

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time
Varies Refrigerated 48 hours

Reference Values

No growth or usual microbiota

Identification of probable pathogens

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Sunday

Test Classification

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.

CPT Code Information

87070-Bacteria, culture, cystic fibrosis, respiratory

87077-Identification commercial kit (if appropriate)

87077-Ident by MALDI-TOF mass spec (if appropriate)

87077-Bacteria Identification (if appropriate)

87077-Additional Identification procedure (if appropriate)

87077-Identification Staphylococcus (if appropriate)

87077-Identification Streptococcus (if appropriate)

87147 x 1-3-Serologic agglut method 1 ident (if appropriate)

87147-Serologic agglut method 2 ident (if appropriate)

87147 x 4-Serologic agglut method 3 ident (if appropriate)

87147 x 2-6-Serologic Agglut Method 4 Ident (if appropriate)

87153-Aerobe Ident by sequencing (if appropriate)

87150-Identification by PCR (if appropriate)

LOINC Code Information

Test ID Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
CFRC Bacterial Culture, Cystic Fibrosis 44798-7

 

Result ID Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
CFRC Bacterial Culture, Cystic Fibrosis 44798-7

Clinical Information

Life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased steadily over the past 50 years, in large part due to improvements in the management of lung disease in this patient population. Still, chronic lung infection is responsible for 75% to 85% of deaths in patients with CF. Appropriate treatment for the causative organism can reduce morbidity and mortality.

 

The number of microbial species associated with CF lung disease is relatively limited. These include Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid and nonmucoid), Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, other non-fermenting gram-negative rods, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nontuberculous mycobacteria and Aspergillus species may also play a role in CF lung disease, in addition to common respiratory viruses. This culture is specifically designed and utilizes conventional and additional selective media (compared to non-CF respiratory cultures) to isolate bacteria commonly associated with pulmonary disease in patients with CF.

 

In selected centers, lung transplantation is performed on patients with CF. This test is appropriate for lung transplant patients with underlying CF because they can continue to harbor the same types of organisms as they did pretransplantation. Patients with CF may be colonized or chronically infected by these organisms over a long period of time.

Interpretation

A negative test result is no growth of bacteria or growth of only usual microbiota. A negative result does not rule out all causes of infectious lung disease. For more information, see Cautions.

 

Organisms associated with lower respiratory tract infections are reported.

 

For positive test results, disease-causing bacteria are identified. Patients with cystic fibrosis may be colonized or chronically infected by some organisms over a long period of time, therefore, positive results must be interpreted in conjunction with previous findings and the clinical picture to appropriately evaluate results.

Cautions

When culture of sputum is delayed, successful isolation of bacterial pathogens is less likely, due to the overgrowth of usual oropharyngeal microbiota.

 

Some bacterial agents that cause lower respiratory infections (eg, mycobacteria, Legionella species, Mycoplasma pneumoniae) are not detected by this assay and require special procedures. If the bacterial culture is negative, clinicians should consider additional testing to detect other bacterial, viral, or fungal agents.

  

Results must be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings and previous culture results.

Clinical Reference

1. Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, et al: A guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2018 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Society for Microbiology. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug 31;67(6):e1-e94. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy381

2. York MK, Gilligan P, Alby K: Lower respiratory tract cultures. In: Leber AL, ed. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook. Vol 1. 4th ed. ASM Press; 2016:section 3.11.2

3. LiPuma JJ, Currie BJ, Peacock SJ, VanDamme PAR: Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas, Ralstonia, Cupriavidus, Pandoraea, Brevundimonas, Comamonas, Delftia, and Acidovorax. In: Jorgensen JH, Carroll KC, Pfaller MC, eds. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 12th ed. ASM Press; 2019:807-828

Method Description

Standard media (5% sheep blood, chocolate, and eosin methylene blue agar plates) used for respiratory cultures are inoculated. In addition, 2 selective agar plates are utilized to enable isolation of slower-growing pathogens that may be easily overgrown by usual microbiota and the longstanding colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Burkholderia cepacia Selective Agar plate is used for the isolation of Burkholderia cepacia complex, which includes 9 distinct species. Isolates of Burkholderia cepacia will be forwarded to the University of Michigan's CFF Research Testing and Repository for genotyping. There is no additional charge for this shipping/testing. A chromogenic Staphylococcus aureus agar is used to enhance the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, a second chocolate blood agar plate is incubated in an anaerobic atmosphere. The anaerobic atmosphere allows for the detection of Haemophilus species that may otherwise be overgrown by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathogens or possible pathogens are identified using 1 or a combination of the following techniques: commercial identification strips or panels, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, conventional biochemical tests, carbon source utilization, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and nucleic acid sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene.(Gilligan P, Alby K, York MK: Respiratory cultures from cystic fibrosis patients. In: Leber AL, eds. Clinical Microbiology Procedures Handbook. Vol 1. 4th ed. ASM Press; 2016:section 3.11.3)

Report Available

5 to 12 days

Reject Due To

Dry swab Reject

Reflex Tests

Test ID Reporting Name Available Separately Always Performed
COMM Identification Commercial Kit No, (Bill Only) No
RMALD Ident by MALDI-TOF mass spec No, (Bill Only) No
GID Bacteria Identification No, (Bill Only) No
ISAE Aerobe Ident by Sequencing No, (Bill Only) No
REFID Additional Identification Procedure No, (Bill Only) No
SALS Serologic Agglut Method 1 Ident No, (Bill Only) No
EC Serologic Agglut Method 2 Ident No, (Bill Only) No
SHIG Serologic Agglut Method 3 Ident No, (Bill Only) No
STAP Identification Staphylococcus No, (Bill Only) No
STRP Identification Streptococcus No, (Bill Only) No
SIDC Ident Serologic Agglut Method 4 No, (Bill Only) No
PCRID Identification by PCR No, (Bill Only) No

Testing Algorithm

When this test is ordered, the reflex tests may be performed at an additional charge.

Method Name

Conventional Culture Technique