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Test ID CL Chloride, Serum

Reporting Name

Chloride, S

Useful For

Evaluation of water, electrolyte, and acid-base status

Specimen Type

Serum


Necessary Information


Patient's age and sex are required.



Specimen Required


Collection Container/Tube:

Preferred: Serum gel

Acceptable: Red top

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL

Collection Instructions:

1. Serum gel tubes should be centrifuged within 2 hours of collection.

2. Red-top tubes should be centrifuged, and the serum aliquoted into a plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.


Specimen Minimum Volume

0.25 mL

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Refrigerated (preferred) 7 days
  Frozen  30 days

Reference Values

1-17 years: 102-112 mmol/L

≥18 years: 98-107 mmol/L

Reference values have not been established for patients who are under 12 months of age.

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Sunday

Test Classification

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.

CPT Code Information

82435

Clinical Information

Chloride is the major anion in the extracellular water space; its physiological significance is in maintaining proper body water distribution, osmotic pressure, and normal anion-cation balance in the extracellular fluid compartment.

 

Chloride is increased in dehydration, renal tubular acidosis (hyperchloremia metabolic acidosis), acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis associated with prolonged diarrhea and loss of sodium bicarbonate, diabetes insipidus, adrenocortical hyperfunction, salicylate intoxication, and with excessive infusion of isotonic saline or extremely high dietary intake of salt. Hyperchloremia acidosis may be a sign of severe renal tubular pathology.

 

Chloride is decreased in overhydration, chronic respiratory acidosis, salt-losing nephritis, metabolic alkalosis, congestive heart failure, Addisonian crisis, certain types of metabolic acidosis, persistent gastric secretion and prolonged vomiting, aldosteronism, bromide intoxication, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, and conditions associated with expansion of extracellular fluid volume.

Interpretation

In normal individuals, serum chloride values vary little during the day, although there is a slight decrease after meals due to the diversion of chloride to the production of gastric juice.

Cautions

High serum values of other halide ions may lead to falsely high readings on the chloride ion-selective electrode.

Clinical Reference

Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. Edited by CA Burtis, ER Ashwood. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1994

Method Description

The ion-selective electrode (ISE) module of the P-Module performs indirect measurement of electromotive force (EMF). The ISE module measures the EMF difference between an ISE and a reference electrode. The EMF of the ISE is dependent on the ion concentration of the sample. The EMF of the reference electrode is constant. The P-Module uses an electronic calculation circuit to convert EMF of the sample to the ion concentration of the sample.(Package insert: Roche Diagnostics ISE reagent, Indianapolis, IN, 2006)

Report Available

Same day/1 to 2 days

Reject Due To

Gross hemolysis Reject

NY State Approved

Yes

Method Name

Potentiometric/Indirect Ion-Selective Electrode

Forms

If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Renal Diagnostics Test Request (T830) with the specimen.