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HelpTest ID MURA Lysozyme (Muramidase), Plasma
Specimen Required
Collection Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 2 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Centrifuge and aliquot plasma into a plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.
2. Freeze immediately after transferring.
Useful For
As a screening test for ocular sarcoidosis
Confirming marked increases in the granulocyte or monocyte pools as in granulocytic or monocytic leukemias, myeloproliferative disorders, and malignant histiocytosis
Following the course of therapy in cases of chronic granulocytic or chronic monocytic leukemias
Method Name
Turbidimetric
Reporting Name
Lysozyme (Muramidase), PSpecimen Type
Plasma EDTASpecimen Minimum Volume
1 mL
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Plasma EDTA | Frozen | 21 days |
Reject Due To
All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.Clinical Information
Lysozyme is a bacteriolytic enzyme that is found in some hematopoietic cells. It is primarily present in granulocytes, monocytes, and histiocytes. The enzyme is present in only minute amounts in lymphocytes; and is not present in myeloblasts, eosinophils, and basophils.
Lysozyme in the plasma comes chiefly from the degradation of granulocytes and monocytes and its concentration reflects the turnover of these cells. Increases are seen in benign (eg, infection, inflammation) and malignant processes (eg, some leukemias). Plasma lysozyme is elevated in patients with acute or chronic granulocytic or monocytic leukemias and falls with successful treatment. Conversely, patients with lymphocytic leukemia may have depressed plasma lysozyme levels.
Patients with kidney disorders (including rejection of transplanted kidneys) or Crohn disease (regional enteritis) also tend to have elevated levels of plasma lysozyme.
Reference Values
≥12 months: 2.6-6.0 mcg/mL
Reference values have not been established for patients who are less than12 months of age.
Interpretation
Levels above 200 mcg/mL may be seen in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (M2, M4, M5) or chronic granulocytic leukemias.
Cautions
Increased levels may be seen in nonmalignant disorders including sarcoidosis, infections, Crohn's disease, kidney transplant rejection, and other kidney disorders.
Clinical Reference
1. Catovsky D, Galton DA, Griffin C. The significance of lysozyme estimations in acute myeloid and chronic monocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 1971;21(5):565-580
2. Herbort CP, Roa NA, Mochizuki M, members of Scientific Committee of First International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis. International criteria for the diagnosis of ocular sarcoidosis: Results of the first International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis (IWOS). Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2009;17(3):160-169
3. Bergantini L, Bianchi F, Cameli P, et al. Prognostic biomarkers of sarcoidosis: a comparative study of serum chitotriosidase, ACE, lysozyme, and KL-6. Dis Markers. 2019;2019:8565423 doi:10.1155/2019/8565423
Method Description
The term lysozyme is derived from the ability of this enzyme to dissolve the walls of certain bacteria, including Micrococcus lysodeikticus. This organism is suspended in buffer, and the sample is added. The resulting decrease in turbidity is measured spectrophotometrically. The rate of clearing is a reflection of the concentration of the enzyme.(Litwack G: Photometric determination of lysozyme activity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1955;89(3):401-403)
Test Classification
This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.CPT Code Information
85549
NY State Approved
YesDay(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
2 to 5 daysForms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send 1 of the following forms with the specimen:
-Benign Hematology Test Request (T755)